Bryan Low is an Associate Professor of Computer Science at the National University of Singapore and the Director of AI Research at AI Singapore. He obtained the PhD in Electrical and Computer Engineering from Carnegie Mellon University in 2009. His research interests include data-centric AI, resource-efficient AI, probabilistic & automated machine learning, planning under uncertainty, multi-agent/robot systems, and LLMs. Dr. Low is the recipient of the Andrew P. Sage Best Transactions Paper Award for the best paper published in all 3 of the IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Parts A, B, and C in 2006. He has served as a World Economic Forum’s Global Future Councils Fellow for the Council on the Future of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in 2016-8 and an IEEE Robotics & Automation Society (RAS) Distinguished Lecturer for the IEEE RAS Technical Committee on Multi-Robot Systems in 2019.
Prompt Optimization with Human Feedback
Year of Publication:
Venue:
Findings of The 2026 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP 2026)
2026
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Accepted
Authors:
Xiaoqiang Lin (NUS), Arun Verma (SMART), Zhongxiang Dai (CUHK-Shenzhen), See-Kiong Ng (NUS), Patrick Jaillet (MIT), Bryan Kian Hsiang Low (NUS)
Near-Optimal SFT–RL Budget Allocation for LLM Post-Training
Year of Publication:
Venue:
The 2026 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP 2026)
2026
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Accepted
Authors:
Jingtan Wang (NUS), Arun Verma (SMART), Xiaoqiang Lin (NUS), Zhengyuan Liu (A*STAR), Nancy F. Chen (A*STAR), Daniela Rus (MIT), Bryan Kian Hsiang Low (NUS)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
Workshop on Continual Adaptation at Scale: Towards Sustainable AI, in conjunction with ICML 2026 (covered by VentureBeat)
2026
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Accepted
Authors:
Ryan Wei Heng Quek (co-first authors) (NUS), Sanghyuk Lee (co-first authors) (U Tokyo & Liquid AI), Alfred Wei Lun Leong (co-first authors) (NUS & AI Singapore), Arun Verma (co-first authors) (SMART), Alok Prakash (SMART), Nancy F. Chen (A*STAR), Bryan Kian Hsiang Low (NUS & SMART), Daniela Rus (MIT & SMART), Armando Solar-Lezama (MIT & SMART)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
Workshop on Principled Design for Trustworthy AI: Interpretability, Robustness, and Safety Across Modalities, in conjunction with ICLR 2026 (Spotlight), and ICML Workshop 2026 (Oral)
2026
Publication Type:
Article
Status:
Arxiv
Authors:
Thanh Q. Tran (co-first authors) (NUS), Arun Verma (co-first authors) (SMART), Kiwan Wong (MIT), Bryan Kian Hsiang Low (NUS), Daniela Rus (MIT), Wei Xiao (NTU)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
Machine Learning (Special Issue on ECML-PKDD 2026 Journal Track)
2026
Publication Type:
Journal
Status:
Accepted
Authors:
Ze Yu Zhang (co-first authors) (NUS), Nhung Bui (co-first authors) (NUS), Arun Verma (co-first authors) (SMART), Bolin Ding (Alibaba, Singapore), Bryan Kian Hsiang Low (NUS)
Keep Everyone Happy: Online Fair Division of Numerous Items with Few Copies
Year of Publication:
Venue:
ICML 2026
2026
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Accepted
Authors:
Arun Verma (SMART), Indrajit Saha (IIT BHU), Makoto Yokoo (Kyushu University), Bryan Kian Hsiang Low (SMART & NUS)
MineDraft: A Framework for Batch Parallel Speculative Decoding
Year of Publication:
Venue:
ICML 2026
2026
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Accepted
Authors:
Zhenwei Tang (co-first authors) (NTU), Arun Verma (co-first authors) (SMART), Zijian Zhou (SMART), Zhaoxuan Wu (SMART), Alok Prakash (SMART), Daniela Rus (SMART & MIT), Bryan Kian Hsiang Low (SMART & NUS)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
ICLR 2026
2026
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Weida Li (NUS), Yaoliang Yu (UWaterloo, Canada), Bryan Kian Hsiang Low (NUS)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
ICLR 2026
2026
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Xiaoqiang Lin (NUS), Arun Verma (SMART), Dai Zhongxiang (CUHK-Shenzhen), Daniela Rus (MIT), Bryan Kian Hsiang Low (NUS)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
NeurIPS 2025
2025
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Jiangwei Chen (NUS & A*STAR), Pham Kieu Thao Nguyen (NUS), Rachael Hwee Ling Sim (NUS), Arun Verma (SMART), Zhaoxuan Wu (SMART), Chuan-Sheng Foo (A*STAR), Bryan Kian Hsiang Low (NUS)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
ICLR 2026 (Best Paper Award at the Workshop on Multi-Turn Interactions in Large Language Models (MTI-LLM), in conjunction with NeurIPS 2025)
2025
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Zijian Zhou (SMART), Ao Qu (MIT), Zhaoxuan Wu (SMART), Sunghwan Kim (Yonsei University), Alok Prakash (SMART), Daniela Rus (MIT), Jinhua Zhao (MIT), Bryan Kian Hsiang Low (NUS), Paul Pu Liang (MIT)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
The 2nd Conference on Language Modeling (COLM), Montreal, Canada, 7th October, 2025
2025
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Rulin Shao (UW & Meta), Rui Qiao (SMART), Varsha Kishore (Allen Institute of AI), Niklas Muennighoff (Stanford), Xi Victoria Lin (Meta), Daniela Rus (MIT), Bryan Kian Hsiang Low (NUS), Sewon Min (Berkley), Wen-tau Yih (Meta), Pang Wei Koh (UW), Luke Zettlemoyer (UW & Meta).
Year of Publication:
Venue:
The 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL), Vienna, Austria, 27th July, 2025
2025
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Zhaoxuan Wu (SMART), Zijian Zhou (SMART), Arun Verma (SMART), Alok Prakash (SMART), Daniela Rus (MIT), and Bryan Kian Hsiang Low (NUS)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
The 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), Vancouver, Canada
2025
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Ruth Wan Theng Chew (NUS), Quoc Phong Nguyen (Amazon), Bryan Low (NUS)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
The 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), Vancouver, Canada
2025
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Year of Publication:
Venue:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026
2026
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Ze Yu Zhang (NUS, co-first author), Arun Verma (SMART, co-first author), Finale Doshi-Velez (Harvard University), Bryan Kian Hsiang Low (NUS)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
Workshop on Bidirectional Human-AI Alignment, in conjunction with ICLR 2025
2025
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Arun Verma (SMART), Xiaoqiang Lin (NUS), Dai Zhongxiang (CUHK-Shenzhen), Daniela Rus (MIT), Bryan Kian Hsiang Low (NUS)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
13th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR-25)
2025
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Arun Verma (SMART, co-first author), Zhongxiang Dai (CUHK-Shenzhen, co-first author), Xiaoqiang Lin (NUS), Patrick Jaillet (MIT), Bryan Kian Hsiang Low (NUS)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
13th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR-25)
2025
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Rui Qiao (SMART), Zhaoxuan Wu (SMART), Jingtan Wang (NUS & A*STAR), Pang Wei Koh (University of Washington), Bryan Kian Hsiang Low (NUS)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), Vancouver, Canada
2024
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Zhaoxuan Wu (SMART), Xiaoqiang Lin (NUS), Zhongxiang Dai (CUHK-Shenzhen), Wenyang Hu (NUS), Yao Shu (Guangdong Lab of AI), See-Kiong Ng (NUS), Patrick Jaillet (MIT), Bryan Low (NUS)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)
2024
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Zijian Zhou (SMART), Xiaoqiang Lin (NUS), Xinyi Xu (NUS), Alok Prakash (SMART), Daniela Rus (MIT), Bryan Low (NUS)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
The 12th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR)
2024
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Quoc Phong Nguyen (Deakin University), Bryan Low (NUS), Patrick Jaillet (MIT)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
The 12th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR)
2024
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Zhenfeng He (NUS), Yao Shu (Guangdong Lab of AI), Zhongxiang Dai (MIT), Bryan Low (NUS)
Year of Publication:
Venue:
The 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), Vienna, Austria
2024
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Zhiliang Chen (NUS), Chuan Sheng Foo (A*STAR), Bryan Low (NUS)
Use Your INSTINCT: INSTruction optimization for LLMs usIng Neural bandits Coupled with Transformers.
Year of Publication:
Venue:
The 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)
2024
Publication Type:
Conference
Status:
Published
Authors:
Xiaoqiang Lin (NUS, co-first author), Zhaoxuan Wu (SMART, co-first author), Zhongxiang Dai (MIT), Wenyang Hu (NUS), Yao Shu (Guangdong Lab of AI), See-Kiong Ng (NUS), Patrick Jaillet (MIT), Bryan Low (NUS)